History of Bodrum

Humankind for thousands of years as a built-in stylus their basement, has a history of incredibly rich. Many great civilizations and historical events that have occurred in or near, Halicarnassus (Bodrum's ancient name) has become an important place for historians. Bodrum is impossible to obtain all information about a single source, so the following information has been compiled from many sources.
u left the first settlement in the region followed by structural, St. Peter (St. Peter), a small rocky fortress where the current candidate. (At that time, the castle is completely surrounded by water). St. John knights when they come to build their own castles, BC Remains of a castle built by the Dorians had met earlier 1100s.
BC 5'ci century and "Father of History" as the Mausoleum, Halicarnassus was born. Herodotus, Dorlar'ın, has written that Peleponez'in Trözen'den the east coast. Dorians, Zefiriya new islands, they settled in the region Zefiriyum named.
Historians have very little knowledge about is based on where the foundations of Harikarnas'ın. The first information about the BC Halicarnassus 7.y.y. 'is based on. Halicarnassus, Heksapolis-Dor was one of six members of the Confederation. In addition, on land the city of Knidos, Kos Island and was among those members in three cities on Rhodes.
This build cities, there later came before the residents have to share the environment was not easy for the Dorians. Intense and violent attacks in the region, known as Karians Indians had to protect themselves. Homer "İliyada" Karyalılar'dan between "language barbarians" he has promised. (However, a multi-linguist, the region also found in the dialect of Bodrum in western Turkey stated that the overall polish). Ancient historians, the Greeks Carians miğferlerinin takacaklarını on the plume and how to shoulder level winding has been used previously taught how to use the shield kabzasını have written.
A Greek Salmakis'te inn opened (today, this inn, west of the port of Bodrum, was now under the waters of the Bay Bardakci) manages the situation with the Dorians, and came to the region Karians; even Karians kolonidekilere over time than the regular set up a life. Each of the two races began to exist in peace and in mutual trade relations girişildi.
Salmakis fountain has been rumored that a very relaxing properties. Just another rumor, the men inside the water softened the perfect thing, efemineleştirdiği, iktidarsızlaştırdığı is about even, in some cases. Hermaphrodite legend was born as a result of these allegations.
According to legend, Aphrodite goddess of beauty teen-age son of a lake formed by water flowing from the fountain to a floating day. Salmakis nymph of the lake, falls in love with him and begs the gods to live in a single body. Wish accepted; the gods or half-men, half of women create Hermafrodit'i.
Herodotus, a group of indigenous people called Halikarnassos gradually sprung up around the Ionian, and even wrote the two peoples lived side by side. Like many other residents of this state Heksapolis'in gone wrong and the behavior of a Halikarnaslı'nın, Halikarnassos alliance prepared the ground for expulsion.
Six cities in the games held every year in honor of pollo'nun Tropium'daki participate. One year, a Halikarnaslı named Agasides won the bronze medal, whether observance, dedicate the award instead of Apollo, his home on the wall exceeded the other Doric cities öfkelendirmiş and sufficient reason for them to interrupt Halikarnas'la relations was provided.
BC Ionic city of Halicarnassus appeared to be a completely 5'ci century. At that time the works of Herodotus and his uncle Panyasis İyonca'da written, a work from this period no trace of the Doric dialect has been found.
BC 546 Persians (Iranians) had occupied the Greek cities on the coast, along with other cities of Halicarnassus also declined. The management of many dynasties of Persia, the city yönetimiştir. The most famous of these, BC Artemis is the first 480 days rule 'is.
The writings of Herodotus, gave wide coverage of this remarkable woman, who died in overrunning Zerzes'in Navy in Greece at that time I Artemis volunteer soldiers needlessly about the collection, writes: "manly attitudes and behaviors of Greece led him to the assault on the war, ignoring kadınlığını join, really affected me." This is an attack on the warship to control a great success, Zerzes'e "men under the command of women and the women acted manly" dedirtmiştir.
Pisindalis son of Artemis, he then came back and Halikarnassos (and other cities, including Kos), the management has continued. Historians have many comments about the period are not on Pisindalis, son of II. Lidamis for the brutal, cruel and oppressive hesitate to use attributes. Herodotus, II. And persecution against the homeland could not bear to leave Lidanis'in authority, went to the island of Samos. In 1856 the archaeologist Sir Charles Newton,
II. The negative attitude against their own policy views Lidanis'in do not comply with a legal document setting out clearly found. II. Lidanis'in who then came to the administration, or the persecution of any knowledge about why and how it ended, but not in the region, BC 4 ci century, we can say that there a big change.
Of the previous century, the Persians had been laid from the region shortly after administration, signed between Athens and the Persians, "the King of Peace" treaty, urban management in Asia was the administration of the Persians again. BC Persians conquered the region and divided the little princes Mozulus 377'lerde King, governor of Caria and Halicarnassus as a managed area.
Constituted a relatively small city of Halicarnassus MozoleMozolus'un to rule, but great projects for this region had Mozolus'un. In addition, this region was aware that there has been very convenient for engineers and trade. The capital, Mylasa ruled (today Milas) here by moving around the city built a large and long ettirmişti walls, these walls are still until now reaching parts of Bodrum. Mozolus in order to increase the population of the region, six other settlements in the city had had here. Mozolus, to implement these projects, the administration of heavy taxes and the people drowned. So much so that "more than shoulder-length hair, even as the tax credit."
Mozolus'un One of the projects, the only building that survived from the classical era of the Amphitheatre. Mountain in the middle of the southern outskirts of Bodrum, this theater Göktepe, Anatolia is one of the oldest theaters. In the 1960s it was restored by a group of Turkish theater, the festival has witnessed a lot of Bodrum today.
Theater tourists came to see not just sit there, the harbor and the boats coming to the port izlerlerken, it does not matter geçiverdiğini how pleasant hours. The interesting characteristics of the theater, games for the sake of the victims slaughtered before the altar, and some seats between Diyonyus, perhaps, may have been used as a canopy lined holes. 40 cm between each seat. 'Left a distance of the theater with a capacity of 13,000 people. During a short climb to the mountain of Goktepe, you can see stone carved mezartaşlarını. Rome and the Hellenistic era, this carved mezartaşları, once symbols of death and several sarcophagi still carry them (in some castle ruins are still at the museum).
One of the graves under the symbols "tear containers" is. These thimble-sized containers filled with tears of mourning those who, together with the dead buried. The importance of a person increases, the "tear containers" number of the more than enough. Mozolus BC Sister-wife, Artemis II, moved back to 353'te died.
Artemis II was only thirteen years on the throne, but made two important business, one, historical eras, one of the seven wonders of the continuing construction of the tomb of King Mozolus'un ("mausoleum" was the word here), and the other one, I Artemis, his level of intelligence can compete with a war.
The authors of the battery and the other dates on the protection of the mausoleum as a real great idea birliğindeydiler. From a point far from the sea üserindeki, 20-storey building was seen as high. Today, visitors come to see this place, but the glory of ten were able to imagine. The Mausoleum at kalabilmişse standing for 1500 years, returned to the ruins at the end of an earthquake. Then here came the Knights of Saint Jhon, harabedeki ruins, they have built for themselves, used in making the walls of the castle.
This is the generally accepted view of the mausoleum is as follows: long oblong, although composed of four parts and lined with rows of 36 columns on a solid base and then 24 steps, and a lounge at the top of the stairs, and four horses in Mozolus and statues of Artemis A pyramid is a shot of the car. An addition to the four walls decorated with frescos of time and the mausoleum of the great masters of the reason it works very great freskleriydi this wall. Castle Museum in the UK in some parts of them in the British Museum (British Museum) has been moved, but the feet of some of the columns and blocks can be seen also in place (many of them on the walls of the castle).
Artemis, his ingenious and indelible memories of the second most important job ever in the kuşatmaktı Rhodes. Rhodes, Caria unbecoming to a female monarch will not engage in negotiations with the thought (and who knows, maybe this was an opportunity), Artemis sent a fleet to drive away from there. Artemis already heard of this plan and the forces of the harbor near the main harbor hid a secret. Yanaşarak Rhodes when they landed, the men Artemis doğrulttular ships to sea again. Rhodian soldiers were surrounded and cut off the heads of the market place. At that time, Rhodes turned their attention to Karians vessels belonging to them. Rhodes returned in triumph because they thought their own soldiers, enemy soldiers are welcomed, and thus fallen Carians lap. Artemis's heirs, as he did not do important things.
Alexander the Great began plundering Anatolia üyük a great pace and after a while BC Queen came to the Principality of Caria Orontabatis'e Halikarnas'a reached 334. In this city, for the Persians, against Alexander in the Aegean çıkabilecekleri last opportunity. Orontabatis Thus, a Persian army of Greek mercenaries founded. According to historians, Diodius and Aryan'a, extraordinary effort, both sides fought. Halikarnaslılar Meanwhile, the Alexander is a very annoying stubbornly continued resistance. Alexander and his troops entered the city walls that prevent the rebels as a punishment, ordered to be burned in piles of everything (but did not touch the local population).
On the one hand, away from the coast of settling it with a new six-city folk, is being sent back to their own territory, on the other hand Orontabatis Persli partner and Memnon, one of the main harbor to the east and the other in the west have been kept Salmakis and Zefsiya'daki şatolarda crop. Kos took the rest of the fleets. When the castle fell, Alexander, Adaprensliğinde this small force destroyed by burning previously gathered.
Memoranda of Halicarnassus after Alexander the strength of an earlier win. History of the city was still a while longer, but it is known, BC 3'cü century warships built in this city Registrant II, king of Egypt. Pitoleme'nin came under the power. Rome, Egypt, BC After the conquest in 190, of Halicarnassus in the liberated. This freedom, BC Rome in 129,
Katıncaya in Caria in Asia continued until the new structure. Anno Domini 400 in the fall of Rome and the rise of Christianity, Halicarnassus, Aphrodisias Başpiskoposlugu'na, depending on the mıntıkasına became a bishopric. In the meantime, the capital city of Constantinople (now Istanbul), the Byzantine Empire, has reached the level of the richest. This large empire soon in North Africa, Italy and Spain also annexed. However, the period which ended in Bodrum and havalisinin. Thus, the Turks, 11 Century to get to that area, for historians, can write about this land has been very little incident. During the period of the first Crusade in 1906, discussed here geçirdilerse Byzantines, the Turks were back here three years later.
13.y.y. Towards the end, the hinge region known as Caria became one of the states and the principality of the Ottoman Empire in 1392, attended by the Sultan Bayezit. In the meantime, stronghold of the Knights of St. John Simirna'daydı (now Izmir). 1402 the Mongol leader Tamerlane harabetti here, they are also the Turkish Sultan Mehmet Celebi, instead demanded that the new soil. Knights were given Halicarnassus. They built a fort here, and this new state (here called Mesi) inspect more than a century.
Tiyatro1523'de, the largest of all the sultans Süleyman the Magnificent, expelled the knights of the territory. The Ottoman Empire reached its peak during the reign of Sultan Suleyman of 40 years, but this was followed by long periods of internal crisis and decline.
Bodrum were shelling by the Russian navy in 1770 and the Turkish Naval Base was used as 1824'deki Greek uprising. During the First World War, "Duplex," set fire to the French war ship holding Bodrum, wanted to draw close to land, but the people prevented them. The Ottoman Empire, the Italians lost to Bodrum and the Italians invaded in 1919, here. During the inevitable victory of the Turkish War of Independence, the Italians, was here in 1922 and the basement, because of the extraordinarily beautiful natural environment, a resort town and a taste of life was removed.